Background Theory The field of philosophy defines the term ‘ authentic ’ either in the strong sense of being “of undisputed origin or authorship”, or in the sense of being “faithful to an original” or a “reliable, accurate representation” (Varga & Guinon ).In the realm of sociology, authenticity plays a paramount role in how individuals construct and portray their Aug 02, · Culture is a term that refers to a large and diverse set of mostly intangible aspects of social life. According to sociologists, culture consists of the values, beliefs, systems of language, communication, and practices that people share in common and that can be used to define them as a collective Sep 21, · हमारा फेसबुक पेज: blogger.com संपर्क करे: allaboutsociology1@gmail
Culture - Definition, Discussion and Examples
In the realm of sociology, authenticity plays a paramount role in how individuals construct and portray their identities especially in a given subculture. Vannini and Williamspp. We often create this meaning based on how we perceive it as representative of a culture, place, or group of people. Subcultural capital consists of the knowledge of the scene, possession of relevant physical objects, appearance through style, and perceived commitment or longevity of identification with the scene Thornton ; Force, Subculturists attempt to find their own sense of identity that is unique to the overarching internal values of their scene.
Thus, authenticity is a process that is malleable in terms of context—both time and place. However, ideas and representations about authenticity can morph into a hierarchical system of inclusion and sociology authenticity snowboard that may delineate between individuals who adhere to the ideals of a subculture and those who display a more established sense of individuality and clout within a given scene.
Hot Topic retail store sociology authenticity snowboard the commodification of subcultures. Subcultures lose their sense of resistance and authentic edge, per say, sociology authenticity snowboard, when they are commodified and presented to the mainstream society.
For instance, the retail store Hot Topic arguably commodifies subcultures by spreading elements of subcultural capital, particularly clothing and accessories, to a mainstream consumer sector. This process enables a wider audience to capture a specific style that might be associated with the punk subculture, for example. Commodification, in turn, drives innovative subcultural shifts in ideology or criteria for subcultural capital, thus perpetuating a constant desire for subculturists to perform authenticity in their respective scene.
Individuals perform authenticity across many different subcultures, but is markedly evident in music subcultures such as punk and hip-hop. Authenticity is often marked by elements of identification such as gender, race, and socioeconomic status.
For instance, it is often true that women and girls must exert more direct efforts to perform authenticity due to a lesser representation in male dominated subcultures like punk and hip-hop.
In these scenes, we can observe how elements of identity and methods of self-representation influence perception of the music, artist, or genre in general, and how the subculturists perceive identity as a measure of authenticity. Punk has undergone tumultuous changes since its emergence in the late s, sociology authenticity snowboard.
Punk transformed from a socially isolated tribe to a commercially profitable trend by the mids, and many of the core values, including style, DIY ethic, and politics became muddled as the subculture appeared in the mainstream. Within sociology authenticity snowboard punk subculture, the Straight Edge punks would develop their own displays of authenticity unique to their scene.
Of the ways punks convey their authenticity, two avenues of expression seem most important: Style and Music. Punks embellishing their wardrobe to create a unique, Punk style.
The punk look became a recognizable sociology authenticity snowboard of signifiers used to set oneself apart from the mainstream Cogan Force writes that the most blatant method for aligning oneself with a subcultural group is sartorial adornment Force Punk dress served simultaneously to signify membership in a subculture, solidarity with other punks, and disaffiliation with mainstream culture Leblanc Dress and appearance are vastly important within many subcultures.
In Punk, style became a form of conspicuous consumption. Punks could choose to adapt mainstream commodities to create a sense of punk identity, sociology authenticity snowboard. Baggy overcoats were as punk as leather jackets and flight suits. Most important in terms of authenticity is the creation of disparate styles, allowing the wearer to self-identify as punk.
Tied to punk fashion are the importance of familiarity with music and other visual displays of identity Force The practice of wearing band T-shirts and displaying unconventional style, such as Mohawks or JBF hair, are examples of how punk style becomes an embodiment of authenticity. Within the Straight Edge scene, participants use markers to denote themselves a part of a subculture. Vinyl Records were a popular form of subcultural capital for punks.
Records such as this are highly sought after. Apart from style and appearance, perhaps the most important marker of authenticity in punk is possession of subcultural capital in the form of physical and immaterial goods.
A way subculturists prove their authenticity is through amalgamation of what Sarah Thornton calls subcultural capital Thornton Subcultural capital comes in many forms, including material objects such as band T-shirts and vinyls, sociology authenticity snowboard, and in mannerisms, style, and speech Haenfler Examples of subcultural capital include the rare T-shirt, the special edition vinyl, sociology authenticity snowboard, the knowledge of which bands are hot.
Similar to the heavy metal subculture, musical taste is very important in the scene. Many discussions occur in the punk scene concerning what is accepted in the canon, and punks use this opportunity to flex their relevant knowledge. Punks frequently question others about their knowledge of the scene in order to test authenticity.
A boy performing the art of break-dancing, breaking, one of the original elements of hip-hop. Grandmaster Flash of Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five, an innovator of DJing, performs another original element of hip-hop on stage. Originating in the African American communities of the Bronx in the s, hip-hop branched out to other major cities in the United States such as Los Angeles, Seattle, and Houston.
After gaining popularity in America, the genre traveled around the globe McLeod The original four elements of hip-hop included breaking, tagging, DJ-ing, and MC-ing. The subculture had joined the mainstream, and authenticity became a topic of discussion McLeod Today, hip-hop has become one of the highest grossing musical genres. Globalization has allowed for fans to participate all around the world.
Authenticity is threatened by the potential for assimilation to sociology authenticity snowboard mainstream culture. Within the genre, authenticity discourse arises around the controversy of every artist sounding alike and repeating similar words and phrases McLeod Yet, an artist can reach mainstream popularity while also remaining authentic. The artist must continue to produce the style of music that helped them reach popularity, rather than selling out and producing music simply for the sales.
Kendrick Lamar and Chance the Rapper, sociology authenticity snowboard, two prominent hip-hop artists sitting atop the charts while earning countless awards and worldwide recognition, sociology authenticity snowboard, still have not deviated from the styles on their original mixtapes in andrespectively. They continue to rap about the issues of race and other problems faced in lower-class communities.
Yet, many prominent emcees have been white, most notably Eminem, and they have gained underground legitimacy without completely adopting the sociology authenticity snowboard and vernacular of black emcees. This example complicates the connection between whiteness and a fake style of hip-hop, and racial authenticity may not take as much precedence as other aforementioned factors Harrison Rap music arose from the lower-class setting, therefore music coming from and speaking of this lifestyle is viewed as more authentic Hodgman White artists like Eminem, Bubba Sparxxx, and Machine Gun Kelly have been able sociology authenticity snowboard rap authentically of their lower-class upbringings.
The prominence of drugs, violence, and an overall difficult life situation blur the lines of race and move towards the distinction of class for authenticity. Authenticity also develops through the representation of the lower-class via musical lyrics.
Staying true to yourself requires one to produce or perform an accurate representation of themselves without distorting sociology authenticity snowboard part of their life histories or conforming for the mass consumers. Hopsin, a notable underground MC, performs in a small, underground hip-hop venue. There is a dichotomy between the underground and the commercial aspects of the music scene.
Artists like Immortal Technique, MF Doom, Atmosphere, and Hopsin lead the underground hip-hop scene but do not rank highly on listings of artists by public sales. These underground rappers perform at small hip-hop clubs which seat around 1, audience members rather than massive stadiums and concert venues that hold tens of thousands of people. Going commercial typically signifies both selling out and conforming to creating music that the public wants to hear, and which sells in waves depending on mainstream popularity, sociology authenticity snowboard.
When going commercial, a rapper no longer independently distributes music, but rather decides to join the large music industry, sociology authenticity snowboard. Their music enters the media outlets of radio and television rather than underground hip-hop clubs. These shows represent the largest community of common listeners, with the board members mainly consisting of upper-class, wealthy, white individuals, considered inauthentic based on the identity criterion mentioned previously.
In recent years, artists. Macklemore performs on stage, aligning with the mainstream, after accepting four Grammy awards. considered non-authentic, namely Drake lived a fairly wealthy and struggle free childhood and Macklemore white have taken home multiple Grammy awards. Additionally, males comprise much of the hip-hop genre. Alongside the dominant male ideal is the dominant, straight male ideal, sociology authenticity snowboard.
Over the years, there have been almost no gay rappers, making the subculture appear homophobic. The small amount of prominent, female emcees also shows the importance of a male within the genre. Whether a female is gay or straight, there is little room for one. Listeners want to hear the words from a male, as it sounds much less authentic when spoken from a female perspective McLeod A sociology authenticity snowboard of Tupac and Notorious B.
An expansive knowledge of both hip-hop history and scholarship is the most frequently used method sociology authenticity snowboard subcultural capital in the genre. An individual can claim to be more authentic to the genre simply by having the ability to recite an abundance of historical hip-hop facts including prominent artists and tracks, feuds and battles, and the years when certain events occur Harrison Additionally, sociology authenticity snowboard, owning and purchasing hip-hop artifacts differentiates participants from one another.
This song touches on the idea of the realness of hip-hop, and that there are not many artists remaining who are truly authentic. Jay-Z claims to still be creating authentic rap music. The consumers, sociology authenticity snowboard, who make up the middle and upper classes, only listened to Eminem because they shared the same skin color. Logic, currently a popular rapper of mixed racial background, speaks on the concept of authenticity in modern rap. Director Connie Chavez follows The Garden, an underground hip-hop group formed in the birthplace of the musical genre NYCthrough their musical jourmey, sociology authenticity snowboard.
A documentary following the re-emergence of backyard punk scene in Los Angeles. A documentary on the DIY ethos of Punks. Self-identified Punks discuss the importance of DIY to their own Punk identity. An example of the mainstream commodification of punk style. A documentary examining the roots of the underground, hardcore punk scene in New York. This provides many insights to the Authenticity practiced in the punk scene. Haenfler, Ross. Subcultures: The Basics.
New York: Routledge. This work sociology authenticity snowboard a holistic introduction to subcultures through sociological theory and a substantial body of research. Leblanc, Lauraine.
The history of snowboarding: Jake Burton
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